Liquid-fuel burner



Nov. 22, 1927.

. 1,650,065 J. M. DIAL LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed Sept. 17, 1924 3 -$1166? l 7 k N R a X 1 EN Q Nov. 22, 1927.

1,650,065 J. M. DIAL LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed Sept. 1'7. 1924 3 seet 2 Nov. 22, 1927.

J. M. DIAL LI'QUID FUEL BURNER Filed Sept. 17, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Nov. 22, 1 927. 1

.I-AMES M. :DIAL, or Arman-s, :enonsrn;

LIQUID-FUEL summit.

Application filed September 17, 1924. Serial No. 738,180.

dustrial or domestic heating, which is of ex-. iremelysimple, and durable construction, be-

ing at the same time capable of easyinstallation in stoves, ranges or furnaces, or ginally designed for buring coal or-wood, as well as in stoves. and furnaces designed especially to receive it.

This invention also has for an object the production of burners of the class indicated which are arranged and; adapted to mix the atmospheric airand' the vapors generated in the proper proportions to insure complete combustion. V I i For a further object the present construction provides means for regulating the. sup ply of liquid fuel, and for feeding vthe same at a predetermined. rate of delivery to the burner according to requirements.

''With the foregoing and other objectsin view, the invention will now be particularly described, and laterp'oint'ed out, by the appended claims.

In the accompanyi I form part of this application for Letters Patent, and whereon corresponding numer I, r I I I 21-, against which restthe innersides 22, 22

of correspondinghollowbaffle-covers 23,23, 7 the outer edges 24, 24 f which latter rest alsindicate like-partsii n the several views:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my 1mm. tron including a fuel supply tank, a regu lating valve, a pipeline and an automatic cut-oft valve located in said pipe. line Figure 2 is a top plan view of burner detached"; v

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view of burner detached, taken immediately below its top surface, and broken away in three zones so as to discloseunderlying parts of the structure; I

Figure AL is a central longitudinal vertical section through burner taken on the zi, -za g line 4 -4: of Figure 8; W

Figure 5 is a transverse Figure 6 is a central longitudinal sectional view through an automatic cuteofi valve Figure-7 is a transverse sectional view on the line 7 7 of Figure 6, showing "inside elevation portions of said automatic cut-01f including a tankai-id ball coimterbalance;

ng drawings which 7 Figure 8 is a vertical "central section through a'fuel regulatingvalve; and I Figure 9 isa top plan View of said valve with the actuating hand-wheel removed, showing an indicator and fuel; gauge.

rereur Reference. being hadto the drawings and numeralsthereon, 10 indicates'the walls of a furnace upon which grate bars (not shown) areordinarilysupported as at" 11,; or upon which the flanged ends of my improved burner body 12 .may rest as shown. This body member 12,1'slpreferably of rectangular form, and is provided; with vertical I partitions 13 dividing itinto three compartments 14, 15 and16.- The two outer of these compartments, 14 and 16 open d irectlyto A the atmosphere below, while the'int'ermediate oiltrayor center compartment 15 is closed below, except for an oil inlet 17, andan overflow outlet 18,.the former by preference located centrally and the latter at one end. Runninglongitudinally from, end to end of the saidcompartment 15, and in direct communication withinlet 17,,is a gutter ormain oil duct 19,.infopen communication with lateral or transverse ducts 20 upon bothsi des thereof, and in close juxtaposition as best shown by.Figure 3, and-for purposes of spreading. the fuel oil asit enters the oil tray o'fbu'rner. V

At opposite ends of the body 12' and centrally' positioned are vertical guide posts 21 upon the shouldered upper edges 25, 25 of the body 12 as best shown by Figure '5 By this F igure:-5v also it will be seen' that the inner downturned edges of said covers 23 23 terminate slightly above the bottom of the intermediate burner compartmentv 15 and are thereby necessitatingatortuouspassage for the air supply, from the} open; bottom. of compartments 14 and 16, over their respec tive partitions .13 and down again to the V -,oil..burning, surface of-c-ompart ment lavertical sectional view through burner and lighter on the line 5-'5 of Figure 1; I

Sii rmountingi the aforesaid convex air.- d'ucts or baflie-covers 23and 23, and brldglng the longitudinally and centrallypositioned flame-passage 27, is a series of superposed fiat and horizontally arranged heatbafiiepreferably made of fire-clay and groundasbestos molded into the desired flat form, and broken by longitudinal slots such as 30, 30, positioned in substantial alinement with the flame-passage 27 aforesaid, and extending almost the entire length of the plates 28. It is an object of these plates to retard the products of combustion, and to radiate the heat produced thereby in which connection they are highly heated and become incandescent.

Overtopping the entire burner is an outer cover 31 rising from the sides and ends of body 12 as shown by Figures 4 and 5, and

broken by openings 32, .in its sides and ends.

This cover 31 is also provided with longitudinal slots 32 and lateral slots 33 crossing it transversely as shown, the function of such openings and slots being to'vent the burner and'to liberate the heat generated for its intended purposes.

Bracketed beneath the burner body 12 as at 34, 34, is a trough-shaped lighter 35, containing an absorbent wick 36, and a hinged extinguishing cover or closure 37 adapted to be closed or opened by agency of the handle 38 shown by Figure 1, and entered centrally or at any convenient point by an oil supply pipe 39 for purposes that will later appear.

Depending from a suitable reservoir or supply tank 40 is a feed pipe 41 valved as at 41", and containing a regulating valve 42 for feedinga predetermined supply of liquid fuel within a given period of time. This regulating valve is shown more in detail by Figures 8 and 9 of the drawings, and includes an ordinary case 42, a threaded and adjustable bushing 43 adapted to be secured in adjusted positions by means of the set screw 44, a valve-seat 45, also a needle valve 46 in threaded connection with the interior of the bushing 43, having a stem 4'? project- .ing upward through said bushing, as also through a suitably packed screw-cap 48 for the valve case. The surface of this cap 48 is provided with a scale indicating the quantity of fuel oil to be delivered per hour, and also a circular series of small depressions or apertures 49 arranged and adapted to receive a'small locking stud or pintle 5O depending from one extremity of an indicating arrow 51 of spring materiahfixed upon the valve stem 47 as shown, and provided with an arrow-head or indicator 52 at its opposite end. Upon the upper end of this stem 47 is a hand operating-wheel .53 by which the valve 46 is seated more or less closely to regulate the quantity of fuel oil passing in a given period of time as indicated by the scale upon cap 48. I

Continuing from the regulating valve 42 supply pipe 54 leads directly to the fuel inlet 17 of the burner, being guarded at 55 by an ordinary emergency valve. From the the bore 59 thereof, by means of a short section of pipe 61, there is provided anfoverbalancing can (52 having aremovable screw cap 63 for use in emptying the same when occasion requires. in like manner upon the opposite side of the axial center of plug 58, is i'xed a short arm (34 terminating in a fixed counterbalance 65, and upon the fixed casing of this valve 58 is located a leaf spring 66 adapted to rest normally upon one side of the said counterbalance 65 for purposes that will now appear in a brief description of operation. I I

Valves 41, 55 and 57 onceopened, fuel oil from a source of supply such as reservoir 40, flows to the interior of lighter'35 saturating its wick 36, and also to the interior'of the burner tray in compartment 15 where it is distributed evenly by way of the oil duct 19 and its communicating laterals 20. A match now applied to the lighter wick 36 causes flame to envelop the oil'tray of compartment 15, thus vaporizing the oil therein 5 which burns freely supported by the oxygenof the air entering compartments 14 and 16 from below. 7 v p Thus thesurface or floor of. the tray compartment 15 is flooded, and the supply of burning fuel augmented as the combustion proceeds, and flames rising through'the longitudinal central flame-passage 27 heat the battle covers 23 intensely, as also the air passing therethrough to the fire-chamber, whereupon the direct flame is bafiled by the successive plates 28 which become incandescent as in fact the entire burner including its cover 31 becomesmore or less incandescent radiating heat in all directions.

As a means of regulating or controlling the quantity of fuel oil fed to the burner within a given period of time, according to requirements, the valve 46 is seated more or less closely by a" turn of its hand-wheel 53 until the arrow-head 52 thereon indicates upon the scaled face of the valve cap 48 the measure to be passed perhour. 'In this predetermined position the indicatoris then adjustably fixed bymeansof its pin 50 entering the appropriate aperture 49, whereupon the flow of oil and the resulting flame continues. V v

As a precautionary measure the safety cutoff valve 58 is interposed in the feed pipe54 which it serves to close automatically occasion requires, as follows:

If the oil supply in the burner tray 15 reaches a level that permits it to enterits overflow pipe 18, the surplus oil will then flow thence through discharge pipe. 60, the axial channel 59 oi the said valve plug 58,

and finally through the communicating lat-' eral tube 61 into the receptacle 62 until such instant as the accumulated weight of oil in said receptacle causes it to overbalance the counterbalance weight 65, rotating the safety valve or plug 58 on its axis and positively closing the valve to starvethe burner. Dur- 1 ing the automatic operation last described the counterbalance 65 leaves its normal position as indicated by Figures 1 and 6, wipes by the resilientretaining spring 66, and by gravity assists not only in closing the valve 7: 58 suddenly, butalso in holding it closed until again manually opened and reset.

Having thus described my invention, What 1 I new claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A liquid fuel burner including in combination a burner tray provided with a longitudinal gutter and a series of lateral ducts in open communication With said gutter, means for supplying fuel to said tray in predetermined uantities air ducts u on o osite sides of said tray, means for causing an air supply to flow by a tortuous route through the burner tray, and "a series of spaced apart baffle plates surmounting the tray aforesaid directly in the path of th product-sot combustion. I

2. A liquid fuel burner including in comv bination a burner tray provided with a centi-ally ositioned longitudinal gutter, oppo-V sitely isposed lateral ducts upon each side of and in open communication with said gutter,.n 1eans for supplying fuel to the burner tray in predetermined quantities, air ducts upon-opposite sides of said tray, means for causing an air supply to flow by a tortuous route into. and through the burner tray, and a series of spaced apart bafiie plates surmounting the tray aforesaid directly in the path of the products of combustion.

3. A liquidfuel burner comprising and directly in the path of the products of com bustion, and a' cover for the entire' burner having side, end and top'openings. 4. A liquidfuel burner including 111' combination a burnertra-y provided with a longitudinal gutter, a series of lateral ducts in open communication with said gutter, means a i for supplying fuel to. said tray in predeter 1 mined quantities, hollow bafiie covers upon opposite sides of the burner tray having in- 'ner downturned notched edges resting in said burner tray whereby the air supply is caused to flow-in a tortuous course into and through the burner tray, and a: series of spaced apart baflie plates surmountingthe' burner directly in the path of the products i of combustion.

In testimony whereof I aflix-my signature. JAMES M. DIAL. 

